howard_marks"We don’t expect to be able to hit the bottom. All we care about is that we’re buying cheap. If it gets cheaper, we buy more. Eventually, it’ll work out - so long as we are right.”

HOWARD MARKS is chairman of private equity firm Oaktree Capital, which he co-founded and grew into the biggest distressed-debt investor in the world.

Oaktree's assets under management amounted to about US$83 billion, according to an entry in Wikipedia a few years ago.


Oaktree employs approximately 600 people in Los Angeles (headquarters), New York, Stamford (Connecticut), Amsterdam, Frankfurt, London, Luxembourg, Paris, Beijing, Hong Kong, Seoul, Singapore and Tokyo.

Mr Marks has just put out a 'memo to clients' in which he asserts that in the stock market, history often repeats itself and investors should learn and take advantage of such situations.

Distilling from his decades of investing experience, the 66-year-old shared a particularly interesting view on how to spot bargains (see  below). There are more insights contained in his entire memo, which is 10 pages long, and which you can read on the Oaktree website.

If I were asked to name just one way to figure out whether something’s a bargain or not, it would be through assessing how much optimism is incorporated in its price.

• No matter how good the fundamental outlook is for something, when investors apply too much optimism in pricing it, it won't be a bargain.

That was the story of the Internet bubble; the Internet was expected to change the world, and it did, but when the optimism surrounding it proved to have been excessive, stock prices were decimated.

Zero optimism

The outlook was as bad as it could get – total meltdown – and prices clearly incorporated zero optimism. How, then, could buying be a mistake (providing the world didn’t end)?"

-- Howard Marks

• Conversely, no matter how bad the outlook is for an asset, when little or no optimism is incorporated in its price, it can easily be a bargain capable of providing outsized returns with limited risk.

• Even with a bad “story,” the price of an asset is unlikely to decline (other than perhaps in the very short term) unless the story deteriorates further or the optimism abates.

And if there's no optimism built into its price, certainly the latter can't happen.

It was primarily this line of reasoning that allowed me to feel positive in the teeth of the financial crisis in late 2008.

The outlook was as bad as it could get – total meltdown – and prices clearly incorporated zero optimism. How, then, could buying be a mistake (providing the world didn't end)?
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AEM Holdings2.290-0.070
Best World2.4600.020
Boustead Singapore0.955-0.005
Broadway Ind0.125-0.003
China Aviation Oil (S)0.905-0.005
China Sunsine0.405-0.005
ComfortDelGro1.440-0.020
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Fortress Minerals0.305-0.015
Geo Energy Res0.305-
Hong Leong Finance2.480-0.010
Hongkong Land (USD)2.840-0.010
InnoTek0.520-0.015
ISDN Holdings0.3000.005
ISOTeam0.042-0.001
IX Biopharma0.040-0.005
KSH Holdings0.245-0.005
Leader Env0.050-
Ley Choon0.0440.001
Marco Polo Marine0.067-0.002
Mermaid Maritime0.135-0.004
Nordic Group0.310-0.005
Oxley Holdings0.088-0.001
REX International0.1380.003
Riverstone0.795-
Southern Alliance Mining0.445-
Straco Corp.0.4950.010
Sunpower Group0.205-0.005
The Trendlines0.069-
Totm Technologies0.022-
Uni-Asia Group0.825-
Wilmar Intl3.4100.030
Yangzijiang Shipbldg1.730-0.040